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Objective@#To evaluate the effectiveness of varicella vaccine in varicella outbreaks and to analyze the influencing factors, and to provide a reference for making the targeted prevention and controlling measures.@*Methods@#A total of 3 888 students with no history of varicella were selected from 2 schools with varicella outbreak in Guangdong Province in 2021, a retrospective cohort study was conducted by using questionnaire survey, rate ratio ( RR ) and vaccine effectiveness ( VE ) values were calculated and Logistic regression was uses to analyze the factors influencing the protective effect of varicella.@*Results@#There were 138 confirmed cases of varicella among the participants. There was no significant sex difference in the vaccination rate( χ 2=1.36, P =0.51), but there was significant difference in the vaccinattion rate of different age groups( χ 2=555.82, P <0.01). The overall protective effect of VarV was 66.94%(95% CI =56.17%-77.71%), and the protective effect of 2 doses of vaccine( VE = 90.02% , 95% CI =83.13%-96.90%) was higher than that of 1 dose( VE =49.40%, 95% CI =32.36%-66.44%)( χ 2=24.93, P < 0.01 ). The high fever rates in the vaccinated and unvaccinated groups were 7.69% and 25.81%, with significant difference( χ 2= 6.29 , P <0.05). The rates of moderate and severe skin lesions of vaccinated and unvaccinated groups was 20.00% and 50.00%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant( χ 2=11.32, P <0.01). The protective effects of varicella vaccine against high fever and moderate to severe rash were 70.19%(95% CI =42.11%-98.27%) and 60.00%(95% CI =38.15%-81.85%). Stratified analysis showed that there were significant differences in different years of vaccination( χ 2=37.87, P <0.05), while there were no significant differences in age of vaccination and vaccine manufacturer ( P >0.05).@*Conclusion@#Varicella vaccination can prevent chickenpox infection and reduce the severity of the disease. However, the efficacy of varicella vaccine was affected by vaccination years. It is recommended to improve the vaccination coverage of varicella vaccine to prevent the outbreak of the epidemic.
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Cordyceps sinensis(C.sinensis)is a widely used and highly valuable traditional Chinese medicine.Several dipeptides have been detected in C.sinensis,but current scientific knowledge of its chemical makeup remains limited.In this study,an improved approach that integrates offline two-dimensional liquid chromatography(2D LC)separation,precursor ion list,library screening,and diagnostic ion filtering was established to systematically screen and characterize dipeptides in C.sinensis.Offline 2D LC integrating hydrophilic interaction LC and reverse phase separations was established to eliminate interference and identify the target dipeptides.A library containing the potential 400 dipeptides was created,and a precursor ion list with all theoretical precursor ions was adopted to trigger the MS/MS scan with high sensitivity.To identify dipeptides,the type and connection sequence of amino acids were determined according to the product ions.Ile and Leu residues were differentiated for the first time according to the characteristic ion at m/z 69.07.Ultimately,170 dipeptides were identified or tentatively characterized from C.sinensis,and most are reported for the first time in this species herein.In addition,the identified dipeptides were also applied for discrimination among the three Cordyceps species,and 11 markers were identified.The obtained results provide a deeper understanding of the chemical basis of C.sinensis.
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Objective To assess the effect of PCI on quality of life in very old CHD patients.Methods One hundred and ninety-six ≥80 years old CHD patients were divided into PCI group (n=92) and drug therapy group (n=104).Their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were followed up for 12 months during which non-event survival rate,readmission rate,and incidence of recurrent arrhythmia,cardiogenic death,bleeding events were recorded.Results The incidence of 3-vessel lesions and serum creatinine level were significantly higher in PCI group than in drug therapy group (70.65％ vs 25.00％,82.63±25.35 μmol/L vs 71.09±22.71 μmol/L,P＜0.01).The non-event survival rate was significantly higher while the readmission rate was significantly lower in PCI group than in drug therapy group (66.30％ vs 50.96％,25.00％ vs 44.23％,P＜0.05).No significant difference was found in recurrent arrhythmia and cardiogenic death between the two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion PCI can effectively improve the quality of life in very old CHD patients.
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A HPLC-QTOF MS method was established for analysis of components in Ophiocordyceps sinensis . The HPLC analysis was performed on an Agilent Zorbax SB Aq (150 mmí4.6 mm, 5 μm) with gr adient elution (5 mmol·L-1 ammonium acetate aqueous solution-acetonitrile), flow rate was 0.8 mL·min-1 and detection wave-length was 260 nm. The developed method was successfully applied in analysis of three different samples in-cluding O. sinensis, Hirsutella sinensis ( anamorph of O.sinensis) and Cordyceps militaris. Nine compounds were i-dentified in both O.sinensis and H.sinensis, which eight compounds were identified in C.militaris.
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The inundation of Cordyceps sinensis counterfeits in the market makes it difficult to identify. In this study, 21 batches of wild C. sinensis from 3 different regions, 30 batches of naturally cultured C. sinensis and 4 kinds of counterfeits extracted by methanol and water were analyzed using NMR technology. 9 characteristic peaks were defined as quantitative criterion after comparison, and NMR fingerprints of C. sinensis were established. According to the result it is highly similar between naturally cultured C. sinensis and wild ones by comparing their NMR fingerprints. However, NMR spectra of four kinds of adulterants showed differences with C. sinensis. The result also showed that NMR fingerprint of C. sinensis are highly characteristic and specific. The NMR characteristic fingerprint of wild C. sinensis was consistent with the naturally cultured C. sinensis, and it indicated that the chemical constituents of wild C. sinensis and naturally cultured C. sinensis are nearly the same.
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A HPLC method for simultaneous determination of uridine, inosine, guanosine, adenosine and cordycepine in Cordyceps sinensis was developed. The sample solution was prepared with 0.5% phosphoric acid solution by ultrasonic extraction. The separation was performed on a ZORBAX SB-AQ (150 mmí4.6 mm, 5 μm)column with gradient elution by 0.1% formic acid solution and acetonitrile, with column temperature 30℃, at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, and detected at wavelength of 260 nm. The result of method validation showed that the developed method had high accuracy and good repeatability. This method has been successfully applied for analysis of 5 kinds of nucleosides in different parts of C. sinensis. The results indicated that content of nucleosides in stroma is higher than that in insect body and whole C. sinensis.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) on the permeablily of monolayer bronchial epithelial cells in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Cultured human bronchial epithelial cell line 16HBE was exposed to 0.1 or 1 ng/ml TSLP for 0, 0.5, 6, 12, or 24 h, and the epithelial monolayer permeability was assessed by measuring transepithelial electrical resistance (TER), permeability to FITC-labeled dextran (FITC-DX) and expression of E-cadherin.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the control cells group, 16HBE cell monolayer showed significantly increased TER (P<0.001) and decreased FITC-DX fluorescence in the lower chamber (P<0.05) following exposure to 0.1 and 1 ng/ml TSLP, but these changes were not dose-dependent. Exposure to 0.1 ng/ml TSLP resulted in significantly increased expression of E-cadherin. The 16HBE monolayer exposed to 0.1 ng/ml TSLP for 24 h showed the most obvious increase of TER and E-cadherin expression (P<0.05); FITC-DX fluorescence level was markedly decreased after TSLP exposure for 12 h and 24 h (P<0.05), and the effect was more obvious in 12 h group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>TSLP can protect the barrier function of normal bronchial epithelial cells in vitro.</p>